Compressive Impact - Male (updated February, 2004)
The corridors represent the mean response plus or minus one standard deviation for all the tests performed by Nightingale et al., 1997 (below). These are available in Excel format and in html.
Compressive Impact Corridors [HTML] [Microsoft Excel]
Please see the following publications for background and methodology:
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading. J Biomech, 29:(3), pp. 307-318.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Experimental impact injury to the cervical spine: relating motion of the head and the mechanism of injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 78:(3), pp. 412-421.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Camacho, D. L., Winkelstein, B. A., and Myers, B. S. (1997) The dynamic responses of the cervical spine: the role of buckling, end conditions, and tolerance in compressive impacts. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 41:(973344), pp. 451-471.
Camacho, D. L. A., Nightingale, R. W., Robinette, J. J., Vanguri, S. K., Coates, D. J., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Experimental Flexibility Measurements for the Development of a Computational Head-Neck Model Validated for Near-Vertex Head Impact. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 41:(973345), pp. 473-486.