Peer Reviewed Journals:
Chancey, V.C., Nightingale, R.W., and Myers, B.S. (2006) Isometric bending strength from optimized active muscles in flexion, extension, and lateral bending. Spine, in preparation
Chancey, V.C., Ottaviano, D., Nightingale, R.W., and Myers, B.S. (2006) A kinematic and anthropometric study of the upper cervical spine and the occipital condyles. Journal of Biomechanics, in press.
Dibb, A., Nightingale, R.W., Chancey, V.C., Fronheiser, L.E., Tran, L.N., Myers, B.S. (2006) Comparative structural neck responses of the THOR-NT, Hybrid III, and human in tension and bending. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 567-583.
Loyd, A.M., Luck, J.F., Buraglia, N., Myers, B.S., and Nightingale, R.W. (2006) Thresholding techniques for developing geometrically accurate pediatric skull and cervical spine models. Clinical Biomechanics, in review
Luck, J.F., Myers, B.S., Frush, D. Lau, A., Loyd, A.M., Buraglia, N., and Nightingale, R.W. (2006) Quantitative anatomy and inertial properties of the neonatal cervical spine. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, in preparation
Makar, R., Luck, J.F., Myers, B.S., and Nightingale, R.W. (2006) Second order tetrahedral versus hexadedral elements in finite element modeling of biological structures. Journal of Biomechanics, in preparation
Nightingale, R.W., Chancey, V.C., Ottaviano, D., Luck, J.F., Tran, L.N., Prange, M.T., and Myers, B.S. (2006) Flexion and extension structural properties and strengths for male cervical spine segments. Journal of Biomechanics, in press.
Finan, J.D., Nightingale, R.W., and Myers, B.S. (2006) Experimental investigation of a helmet modification designed to mitigate head and neck injury. Journal of Biomechanics, in review
Prange, M.T., Luck, J.F., Dibb, A., Van Ee, C.A., Nightingale, R.W., and Myers, B.S. (2004) Mechanical Properties and Anthropometry of the Human Infant Head. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 48:(04S-46), pp. 1-21.
Oi, N., Pandy, M.G., Myers, B.S., Chancey, V.C., and Nightingale, R.W. (2004) Variation of Neck Muscle Strength along the Human Cervical Spine. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 48:(04S-43), pp. 1-19.
Nightingale, R. W., Chancey, V. C., Luck, J. F., Tran, L., Ottaviano, D., and Myers, B. S. (2004) The Human Cervical Spine in Tension: Effects of Frame and Fixation Compliance on Structural Responses. Traffic Injury Prevention, 5:1-5.
Chancey, V. C., Nightingale, R.W., Van Ee, C. A., Knaub, K. E., and Myers, B. S. (2003) Improved Estimation of Human Neck Tensile Tolerance: Reducing the Range of Reported Tolerance Using Anthropometrically Correct Muscles and Optimized Physiologic Initial Conditions. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 47:(2003-22-0008), pp. 135-153.
Nightingale, R. W., Winkelstein, B. A., Knaub, K. E., Richardson, W. J., Luck, J. F., and Myers, B. S. (2002) Comparative strengths and structural properties of the upper and lower cervical spine in flexion and extension. Journal of Biomechanics, 35:725-732.
Winkelstein, B. A., and Myers, B. S. (2002) Importance of nonlinear and multivariate flexibility coefficients in the prediction of human cervical spine motion. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 124, pp. 504-511.
Camacho, D. L. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (2001) The Influence of Surface Padding Properties on Head and Neck Injury Risk. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 123:432-439.
Winkelstein, B. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (2000) A Biomechanical Investigation of the Cervical Facet Capsule and its Role in Whiplash Injury. Spine, 25:(10), pp. 1238-1246.
Francisco, A. C., Nightingale, R. W., Guilak, F., Glisson, R. R., and Garrett, W. E. (2000) Comparison of Soccer Shin Guards in Preventing Tibia Fracture. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 28:(2), pp. 227-233.
Nightingale, R. W., Camacho, D. L., Armstrong, A. J., Robinette, J. J., and Myers, B. S. (2000) Inertial Properties and Loading Rates Affect Buckling Modes and Injury Mechanisms in the Cervical Spine. Journal of Biomechanics, 32:(2), pp. 191-198.
Van Ee, A., Chris, Nightingale, R. W., Camacho, D. L., Chancey, V. C., Knaub, K. E., Sun, E. A., and Myers, B. S. (2000) Tensile properties of the human muscular and ligamentous cervical spine. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 44:(2000-01-SC07), pp. 85-102.
Van Ee, C. A., Chasse, A. L., and Myers, B. S. (2000a) Quantifying Skeletal Muscle Properties in Cadaveric Test Specimens: Effects of Mechanical Loading, Postmortem Time, and Freezer Storage. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 122, pp. 9-14.
Siegmund, G. P., Myers, B. S., Davis, M. B., Bohnet, H. F., and Winkelstein, B. A. (2000) Human Cervical Motion Segment Flexibility and Facet Capsular Ligament Strain under Combined Posterior Shear, Extension and Axial Compression. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 44:(2000-01-SC12), pp. 159-170.
Myers, B. S., and Nightingale, R. W. (1999) The Dynamics Of Head And Neck Impact And Its Role In Injury Prevention And The Complex Clinical Presentation Of Basicranial And Cervical Spine Injury. Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control, 1:(1), pp. 67-82.
Camacho, D. L. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1999) Surface Friction in Near-Vertex Head and Neck Impact Increases the Risk of Injury. J. Biomechanics, 3:(32), pp. 293-301.
Nightingale, R. W., Richardson, W. J., and Myers, B. S. (1997) The effects of padded surfaces on the risk for cervical spine injury. Spine, 22:(10), pp. 2380-2387.
Hoshijima, K., Nightingale, R. W., Yu, J. R., Richardson, W. J., Harper, K. D., Yamamoto, H., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Strength and stability of posterior lumbar interbody fusion: comparison of titanium fiber implant and tricortical bone graft. Spine, 22:(11), pp. 1181-1188.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Dynamic responses of the head and cervical spine to axial impact loading. J Biomech, 29:(3), pp. 307-318.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Experimental impact injury to the cervical spine: relating motion of the head and the mechanism of injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 78:(3), pp. 412-421.
Myers, B. S., Belmont Jr, P. J., Richardson, W. J., Yu, J. R., Harper, K. D., and Nightingale, R. W. (1996) The role of imaging and in situ biomechanical testing in assessing pedicle screw pull-out strength. Spine, 21:(17), pp. 1962-1968.
McElhaney, J. H., Hopper Jr., R. H., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1995) Mechanisms of basilar skull fracture. J Neurotrauma, 12:(4), pp. 669-678.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1991) The influence of end condition on human cervical spine injury mechanisms. Society of Automotive Engineering Journal of Passenger Cars, 6:(100), pp. 2040-2048.
Peer Reviewed Proceedings:
Winkelstein, B. A., Nightingale, R. W., Richardson, W. J., and Myers, B. S. (1999) Cervical Facet Joint Mechanics: Its Application to Whiplash Injury, in Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference, pp. 243-252.
Camacho, D. L., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Computational Modeling of Axial Neck Impact: Influence of Head Motion and Cervical Spine Buckling on Dynamic Behavior, in Proceedings of the 1997 ASME Symposium on Crashworthiness, Occupant Protection, and Biomechanics in Transportation, Vol. AMD-225/BED-38, SAE, pp. 275-290.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Camacho, D. L., Winkelstein, B. A., and Myers, B. S. (1997) The dynamic responses of the cervical spine: the role of buckling, end conditions, and tolerance in compressive impacts. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 41:(973344), pp. 451-471.
Camacho, D. L. A., Nightingale, R. W., Robinette, J. J., Vanguri, S. K., Coates, D. J., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Experimental Flexibility Measurements for the Development of a Computational Head-Neck Model Validated for Near-Vertex Head Impact. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference Proceedings, 41:(973345), pp. 473-486.
Myers, B. S., Van Ee, C. A., Camacho, D. L. A., Woolley, C. T., and Best, T. M. (1995) On the structural and material properties of mammalian skeletal muscle and its relevance to human cervical impact dynamics. Proceedings of the 39th Stapp Car Crash Conference,(952723), pp. 203-214.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1991) The influence of end condition on human cervical spine injury mechanisms. Proceedings of the 35th Stapp Car Crash Conference,(912915), pp. 391-400.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Doherty, B. J., Paver, J. G., Ladd, T. P., Nightingale, R. W., and Gray, L. (1989) Responses of the human cervical spine to torsion. Proceedings of the 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference,(892437), pp. 215-222.
Abstracts:
Loyd, A.M., Luck, J.F., Myers, B.S., Frush, D.P., Nightingale, R.W. (2006) A CT Method for Finding the Pediatric Head Center of Gravity and Inertial Properties, in Sixth Annual Graduate Student Research Day, Durham, NC.
Loyd, A.M., Luck, J.F., Buraglia, N., Myers, B.S., Frush, D.P. (2005) Thresholding Method for Rendering Anatomically Accurate Pediatric Head and Neck Models, in Fifth Annual Graduate Student Research Day, Durham, NC.
Myers, B. S., Winkelstein, B. A., Chung, E. K., Nightingale, R. W., and Siegmund, G. P. (2002) Cervical Spine Facet Capsular Ligament Strain In Midsagittal And Three Dimensional Whiplash-Like Loading, in World Congress of Biomechanics, Calgary, Alberta.
Luck, J. F., Nightingale, R. W., Richardson, W. J., and Myers, B. S. (2001) Comparative Bending Strengths and Structural? Properties of the Human Upper and Lower Cervical Spine. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 29:(s1), pp. s-18.
Chancey, V. C., Nightingale, R. W., Van Ee, A., Chris, Knaub, K. E., and Myers, B. S. (2001) Lateral bending strength of the cervical spine estimated from muscle-generated moments. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 29:(S1), pp. S-21.
Myers, B. S., Camacho, D. L. A., and Nightingale, R. W. (2000) Head Impact Neck Injury and the Impact Surface, in Impact Biomechanics Australia Conference, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-13.
Francisco, A. C., Glisson, R. R., Nightingale, R. W., Guilak, F., and Garrett, W., Jr. (1998) Force and energy dissipation of soccer shin guards, in 1998 Annual Meeting for the American College of Sports Medicine.
Camacho, D. L. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1998) Investigation of the Role of Impact Surface Friction in Axial Head Impact Using a Validated Computational Head-Neck Model, in Abstracts of the 3rd World Congress of Biomechanics, Vol. S15-3, pp. 145.
Myers, B. S., and Nightingale, R. W. (1998) Neck Dynamics and Injury Mechanisms Following Head Impact, in International Symposium on Impact and Friction of Solids, Structures and Intelligent Machines: Theory and Applications in Engineering and Science.
Nightingale, R. W., Camacho, D. L., Armstrong, A. J., Robinette, J. J., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Cervical spine buckling: the effects of vertebral mass and loading rate, in 1997 Advances in Bioengineering, Vol. BED-36, ASME IMECE, pp. 231-232.
Myers, B. S., and Nightingale, R. W. (1997) The Dynamics of Head and Neck Impact and its Role in Injury Prevention and the Complex Clinical Presentation of Cervical Spine Injury, in International Research Council on Biokinetics of Impacts, pp. 13-33.
Myers, B. S., Richardson, W. J., and Nightingale, R. W. (1997) The effects of padded surfaces on cervical spinal injury risk, in 43rd Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Vol. 22, ORS, pp. 385.
Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1997) The effects of padding on the risk for cervical spine injury, in 9th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Spine Associations.
Myers, B. S., and Nightingale, R. W. (1996) Basilar Skull Fracture Resulting From Compressive Neck Loading, in AGARD Specialist Meeting on Impact Head Injury.
Hoshijima, K., Myers, B. S., Yu, J. R., Yamamoto, H., Harper, K. D., Richardson, W. J., and Nightingale, R. W. (1996) Comparative Strength and Stability of Titanium Mesh and Tricortical Bone Graft in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, in Transactions of the 42nd meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society.
Belmont, P. J. J., Myers, B. S., Richardson, W. J., Yu, J. R., Harper, K. D., and Nightingale, R. W. (1996) The role of imaging and in situ biomechanical testing in assessing pedicle screw pull-out strength, in 38th Annual Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons Meeting.
Nightingale, R. W., Richardson, W. J., DeMyets, D. D., and Myers, B. S. (1995) The effects of padding on the risk for cervical spine injury, in Transactions of the Cervical Spine Research Society.
Hoshijima, K., Myers, B. S., Nightingale, R. W., Yu, J. R., Richardson, W. J., and Yamamoto, H. (1995) Strength and Stability of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Comparison of Titanium Fiber Metal Implant and Tricortical Bone Graft, in 22nd meeting of the Japanese Clinical Biomechanics Society.
McElhaney, J. H., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1994) Biomechanical Aspects of Catastrophic Cervical Injuries, in Proceedings of the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1993) Characterization of cervical spine impact injury mechanisms, in 2nd World Conference of Injury Control, pp. 70-71.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1993) The relationship between observed head motion and cervical spine injury mechanism, in Transactions of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1992) The role of end condition in lower cervical spinal injury and its relationship to clinical classification schemes, in Transactions of the 38th meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1992) The role of torsion in cervical injury, in Transactions of the 38th meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1991) Experimental limitations of quasi-linear theory and a method for reducing these effects, in Advances in Bioengineering, pp. 139-142.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1991) Quasi-linear modeling of the structural responses of the human cervical spine in torsion, in Advances in Bioengineering, pp. 37-41.
Invited:
Luck, J.F., Prange, M., Nightingale, R.W., Loyd, A., Dibb, A., Ottaviano, D., Tran, L., Myers, B.S. (2006) Tensile mechanical properties of the pediatric human osteoligamentous cervical spine, at 5th World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich, Germany.
Loyd, A.M., Daniel, C., Mukundan, S., Marcus, J., Schoenleber, J., Das, R., Myers, B.S., and Nightingale, R.W. (2006) Pediatric Head Contour Data: a pilot study in Injury Biomechanics Research: 34th International Workshop, Vol. 34, Dearborn, MI.
Loyd, A.M., Myers, B.S., Luck, J.F., Frush, D., and Nightingale, R.W. (2006) A CT Method for Finding the Pediatric Head Center of Gravity and Inertial Properties, in National Society of Black Engineers 2006 Technical Proceedings , pp. 19-25, Pittsburgh, PA.
Loyd, A.M., Myers, B.S., Luck, J.F., and Nightingale, R.W. (2005) A CT Method for Finding the Pediatric Head Center of Gravity and Inertial Properties, in Injury Biomechanics Research: 33rd International Workshop, Vol. 33, Washington, D.C.
Nightingale, R.W., Prange, M.T., Luck, J.F., Alexander, P., Loyd, A.M., Dibb, A., Ottaviano, D., Tran, L.N., and Myers, B.S. (2005) Mechanical Properties of the Human Pediatric Head and Cervical Spine, in Southern Consortium for Injury Biomechanics: 3rd Annual Meeting, Birmingham, AL
Loyd, A.M., Luck, J.F., Buraglia, N., Myers, B.S., Frush, D.P. and Nightingale, R.W. (2004) Thresholding Techniques for Developing Geometrically Accurate Pediatric Skull and Cervical Spine Models, in Injury Biomechanics Research: 32th International Workshop, Vol. 32, National Transportation Biomechanics Research Center
Ottaviano, D., Chancey, V.C., Nightingale, R.W., and Myers, B.S. (2003) Centers of Rotation for the Upper Cervical Spine: Methodology and Preliminary Data, in Injury Biomechanics Research: 31st International Workshop, pp 173-184.
Nightingale, R. W., Chancey, V. C., Luck, J. F., Tran, L., Ottaviano, D., and Myers, B. S. (2002) Accounting for Frame and Fixation Compliance in Cervical Spine Tensile Testing, in Injury Science Research: 30th International Workshop, Vol. 30, National Transportation Biomechanics Research Center, pp. 21-30.
Chancey, V. C., Nightingale, R. W., Nebel, M. B., Luck, J. F., and Myers, B. S. (2001) Extrapolation Function Selection for the Prediction of High-Load Responses from Low-Load Biomechanical Data, in Injury Science Research: 29th International Workshop, Vol. 29, National Transportation Biomechanics Research Center, pp. 241-252.
Chancey, V. C., Van Ee, C. A., Nightingale, R. W., Camacho, D. L., and Myers, B. S. (2000) Understanding and Minimizing Errors in cervical spine tensile testing, in Injury Science Research: 28th International Workshop, Vol. 28, National Transportation Biomechanics Research Center, pp. 71-84.
McElhaney, J. H., Nightingale, R. W., Winkelstein, B. A., Chancey, V. C., and Myers, B. S., Biomechanical Aspects of Cervical Trauma, in Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention (A. Naham, and J. W. Melvin, Eds.),Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999.
Van Ee, C. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1999) Tensile Properties of the Ligamentous Cervical Spine: Biomechanical Considerations for a Proposed Testing Methodology, in Injury Biomechanics Research: 27th Annual International Workshop, Vol. 27, National Transportation Biomechanics Research Center, pp. 1-12.
Nightingale, R. W., Winkelstein, B. A., Knaub, K. E., and Myers, B. S. (1998) Experiments on the Bending Behavior of Cervical Spine Motion Segments, in 26th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research, pp. 1-6.
Nightingale, R. W., Winkelstein, B. A., Van Ee, C. A., and Myers, B. S. (1998) Injury Mechanisms in the Pediatric Cervical Spine During Out-of-Position Airbag Deployments, in 42nd Annual Proceedings: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, pp. 153-164.
Camacho, D. L., Nightingale, R. W., Coates, D. J., Vanguri, S. K., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Dynamic Response of a computational head-neck model to near-vertex head impacts, in Seventh Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium Proceedings, Centers for Disease Control, pp. 149-178.
Nightingale, R. W., Kleinberger, M., and Myers, B. S. (1997) Effects of upper neck joint stiffness on measured moments in the Hybrid III dummy during airbag loading, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Winkelstein, B. A., Nightingale, R. W., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Impact neck injury dynamics: relationships between impact surface, cervical spine kinetics, and injury risk, in Sixth Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium, Centers for Disease Control, pp. 85-93.
Nightingale, R. W., Camacho, D. L., Robinette, J. J., and Myers, B. S. (1996) Pure moment testing of flexible segmented structures, in 24th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research, pp. 153-162.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., and Nightingale, R. W., Cervical Spine Injury Mechanisms, in Head and Neck Injury (R. S. Levine, Ed.), SAE, Detroit, MI, 1994, pp. 107-156.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Richardson, W. J., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1993) A summary of head and neck impact injury biomechanics, in 3rd Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium Proceedings, Centers for Disease Control, pp. 43-59.
Nightingale, R. W., McElhaney, J. H., Best, T. M., and Myers, B. S. (1992) Head and cervical spine impact dynamics, in 2nd Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium Proceedings, Centers for Disease Control, Detroit, MI, pp. 155-164.
Myers, B. S., McElhaney, J. H., Nightingale, R. W., and Doherty, B. J. (1991) Kinematic, kinetic, and failure responses of the human cervical spine in torsion, in 1st Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium, Centers for Disease Control, pp. 139-152.